The first time I saw the effect (the unintentional version), I was watching a video on a handheld digital-TV receiver. Historically, this would be an undesirable visual effect because it obviously means an error has occurred with the video compression or video signal. Historically, datamoshing was an undesirable effect, caused by errors with video compression. This results in what we call the datamoshing effect. However, if the d-frames become corrupted, or if the i-frames get removed, the pixels onscreen will move in some extremely glitchy ways. The d-frames are much more efficient for video compression since they store only pixel movement data rather than an entire image. I-frames are essentially a complete image of a video frame, whereas d-frames are comprised of where pixels from an i-frame need to move to.
Compressed videos contain i-frames and d-frames. On March 25th, 2012, the /r/brokengifs subreddit was launched, featuring animated GIFs created using datamoshing techniques.In short, datamoshing messes with a video’s compression, causing the pixel information to become corrupt. On May 16th, 2011, YouTuber Yung Jake uploaded a music video titled "Datamosh," which included a variety of compression artifacts (shown below). Within the first four years, the video gathered more than 10.3 million views and 11,400 comments. On June 16th, rapper Kanye West released the music video for his song "Welcome to the Heartbreak" (shown below), which featured many datamoshed video artifacts.
On February 24th, 2009, YouTuber datamosher uploaded a datamosh instructional video (shown below, left). On August 2nd, 2007, YouTuber Michael Crowe uploaded a video titled "Takeshi Murata," which featured a montage of datamoshed videos (shown below). In 2006, a technique created by artists Betrand Planes and Christian Jacquemin transcodes one lossy video format into another was demonstrated with the modified DivX video codec DivXPrime. According to the tech blog Bit_Synthesis published a post titled "Datamoshing – the Beauty of Glitch," the practice of datamoshing had been used by digital artists since at least 2005.
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